{"id":351,"date":"2013-09-27T01:36:34","date_gmt":"2013-09-26T17:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bohu.net\/blog\/?p=351"},"modified":"2013-09-27T01:36:34","modified_gmt":"2013-09-26T17:36:34","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3-uri-url-and-urn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/351\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3 URI, URL, and URN"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-352\" alt=\"url-300x197\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/url-300x197.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>URI\uff1aUniform Resource Identifier\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff1b(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfc-base.org\/rfc-3986.html\" target=\"_blank\">RFC 3986<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>URL\uff1aUniform Resource Locator\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\uff1b\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfc-base.org\/rfc-1738.html\" target=\"_blank\">RFC 1738<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n<li>URN\uff1aUniform Resource Name\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u540d\u79f0\u3002\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfc-base.org\/rfc-1737.html\" target=\"_blank\">RFC 1737<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>URI\u53ef\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\uff08URL\uff09\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\uff08URN\uff09\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u5907\u3002<a title=\"\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u540d\uff08\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%90%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u540d<\/a>\uff08URN\uff09\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u800c<a title=\"\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D%E7%AC%A6\">\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26<\/a>\uff08URL\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4f4f\u5740\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cURN\u5b9a\u4e49\u67d0\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u800cURL\u63d0\u4f9b\u67e5\u627e\u8be5\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u552f\u4e00\u4e66\u76ee\u7684<a title=\"ISBN\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN\">ISBN<\/a>\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 URN \u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<a title=\"ISBN 0-486-27557-4\uff08\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=ISBN_0-486-27557-4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">ISBN 0-486-27557-4<\/a>(<a href=\"urn:isbn:0-486-27557-4)\u65e0\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\u5730\u6807\u8bc6\u51fa\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u620f\u5267\u300a\" rel=\"nofollow\">urn:isbn:0-486-27557-4)\u65e0\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\u5730\u6807\u8bc6\u51fa\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u620f\u5267\u300a<\/a><a title=\"\u7f57\u5bc6\u6b27\u4e0e\u6731\u4e3d\u53f6\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BD%97%E5%AF%86%E6%AC%A7%E4%B8%8E%E6%9C%B1%E4%B8%BD%E5%8F%B6\">\u7f57\u5bc6\u6b27\u4e0e\u6731\u4e3d\u53f6<\/a>\u300b\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u83b7\u5f97\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u5e76\u9605\u8bfb\u8be5\u4e66\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a URL \u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728<a title=\"\u7c7bUnix\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%B1%BBUnix\">\u7c7bUnix<\/a>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684URL\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<a title=\"\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55<\/a>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982file:\/\/\/home\/username\/RomeoAndJuliet.pdf\u3002\u8be5URL\u6807\u8bc6\u51fa\u5b58\u50a8\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cURL\u548cURN\u6709\u7740\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/180px-URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg\/270px-URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg\/360px-URI_Euler_Diagram_no_lone_URIs.svg.png 2x\" width=\"180\" height=\"108\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p>URL\u65b9\u6848\u5206\u7c7b\u56fe\u3002URL(\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26)\u548cURN(\u540d\u79f0)\u65b9\u6848\u5c5e\u4e8eURI\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0cURI\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3aURL\u6216URN\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u6216\u540c\u65f6\u662fURI\u548cURN\u3002\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0cURL\u548cURN\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90ID\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e8e\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684URI\u90fd\u53ef\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u6848\u540c\u65f6\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8212;<br \/>\nURI \u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n<p>RFC3986\uff0c\u5373\u201cUniform Resource Identifier (URI)\uff1aGeneric Syntax\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Internet Standard\u3002 Request for Comments (RFC) \u7cfb\u5217\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6863\u6848\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u5217\u6784\u6210\u4e86 Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) \u6807\u51c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72\u3002 \u5728\u6570\u4ee5\u5343\u8ba1\u7684 RFC \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \u00a0 TCP (RFC793) \u4ee5\u53ca Internet Mail \u683c\u5f0f (RFC821) \u548c\u534f\u8bae (RFC822)\uff0c \u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a Internet Standard \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u3002 RFC3986 \u5728\u00a0 2005 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u4e5f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u7167 URI \u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50 \u2014\u2014 <em>http:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/partners\/index.html<\/em> \u2014\u2014 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a URI\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"th\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/th.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6848\u540d (<code>http<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"url(uniformresourcelocator)\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/urluniformresourcelocator.jpg\" width=\"411\" height=\"134\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57df\u540d (<code>www.cisco.com<\/code>)<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u5f84 (<code>\/en\/US\/partners\/index.html<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"thCA1OQ0FA\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/thCA1OQ0FA.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"96\" \/><\/p>\n<p>IETF \u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7ba1\u7406\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u3002Official IANA Registry of URI Schemes\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982 <code>http<\/code>\u3001 <code>https<\/code> \u548c <code>mailto<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u719f\u6089\u6216\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>URI \u8def\u5f84\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u3002URI \u6309\u7167 UNIX\u00ae \u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6b63\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf (<code>a\/b\/c<\/code>)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u8bbe\u8ba1 URI \u7684\u65f6\u5019, \u5728 Internet \u4e0a\uff0c UNIX \u6587\u5316\u6bd4 PC \u6587\u5316\u66f4\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f Ange-ftp\uff0c \u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 emacs \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u50cf<code>\/jbrown@freddie.ucla.edu:~mblack\/<\/code>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8de8\u673a\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4e3a Web \u5f00\u53d1\u7684 URI \u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u6309\u7167\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7684 Apollo Domain UNIX\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u53cc\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b9\u6848\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>mailto:mbox@domain<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>ftp:\/\/host\/file<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>http:\/\/domain\/path<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f <em>www.yahoo.com\/sports<\/em>\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684 URI\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u5bf9 <em>http:\/\/www.yahoo.com\/sports<\/em> \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d7\u6d41\u884c\u7684 Web \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u00a0 (UI) \u652f\u6301\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u72af\u5728 XSLT \u4e2d\u9057\u6f0f\u65b9\u6848\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<pre>&lt;xsl:include href=\"exslt.org\/math\/min\/math.min.template.xsl\" \/&gt;<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u60a8\u671f\u671b\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u771f\u7684 <em>\u60f3<\/em> \u5728 XSLT \u6837\u5f0f\u8868\u4e4b\u540e\u5f15\u7528 <code>exslt.org<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002XSLT \u7684 <code>href<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <strong>URI \u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u7684 URI \u5f15\u7528\u662f<strong>\u7edd\u5bf9<\/strong>\u5f15\u7528\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8be5\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u76f8\u5bf9<\/strong>\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684 URI \u5f15\u7528\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>..\/noarch\/config.xsd<\/code> \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684 URI \u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6807\u5fd7\u7b26<\/p>\n<p>HTML \u4e2d\u7684 <code>href<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u91c7\u7528\u4e86 URI \u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb2\u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u3002URI \u548c URI \u5f15\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u6709\u9650\u7684 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 HTML \u6bd4\u5b83\u4eec\u66f4\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u9075\u5faa RFC3986 \u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u7b26\u5408 RFC3987 \u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5373 <em>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRI) \u6807\u51c6<\/em>\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u89c4\u8303\u5728 IETF \u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u8d70\u7684\u8fdc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6280\u672f\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u6709 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cIRI \u548c URI \u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u50cf URI\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a IRI \u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7 URI \u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 HTTP\uff09\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 IRI\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528 xml:base \u91cd\u5199\u57fa\u672c URI<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\uff0c URI \u5f15\u7528\u4e0e\u5728\u54ea\u79cd\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u672c URI <code>http:\/\/exslt.org\/math\/min\/math.min.template.xsl<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a URI \u5f15\u7528 <code>..\/..\/random\/random.xml<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f15\u7528\u5c06\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a <code>http:\/\/exslt.org\/random\/random.xml<\/code>\u3002\u5728 HTML \u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>base<\/code> \u5143\u7d20\u653e\u5728\u6587\u6863\u9876\u7aef\u6765\u91cd\u5199\u57fa\u672c URI\u3002XML Base \u89c4\u8303\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u5728 XML \u4e2d\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>file:\/my\/doc<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>http:\/\/my.domain\/doc<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f15\u7528\u50cf <code>#part2<\/code> \u90a3\u6837\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a <code>file:\/my\/doc#part2<\/code>\uff1b\u800c\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b <code>#part2<\/code> \u6269\u5c55\u4e3a <code>http:\/\/my.domain\/doc#part2<\/code>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728 Resource Description Framework (RDF) \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002 XML Base \u4f7f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6269\u5c55\u53d8\u5f97\u5bb9\u6613\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u6e05\u5355 1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6e05\u5355 1. RDF \u4e2d\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u5f62\u5f0f<\/b><\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<pre>\t\t\t\t\n&lt;rdf:RDF\n  xmlns=\"&amp;owl;\"\n  xmlns:owl=\"&amp;owl;\"\n  xml:base=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2002\/07\/owl\"\n  xmlns:rdf=\"&amp;rdf;\"\n  xmlns:rdfs=\"&amp;rdfs;\"\n&gt;\n...\n    &lt;Class rdf:about=\"#Nothing\"\/&gt;<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c<code>#Nothing<\/code> \u5f15\u7528\u5747\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a <code>http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2002\/07\/owl#Nothing<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e URI\u3001IRI \u548c URI \u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5c31\u5230\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>URL \u548c URN<\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u8ba1 URI \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u5b83\u8d77\u5230\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53 IETF \u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684 <strong>Uniform Resource Locators<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u4e8e <strong>Uniform Resource Names<\/strong> \u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e Internet \u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u6709\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u57df\u540d\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>zork1.example.edu<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u901a\u8fc7 Domain Name System (DNS) \u534f\u8bae\u548c\u7c7b\u4f3c 192.168.300.21 \u7684\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u53f7\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3b\u673a\u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Web \u4e2d\u5076\u5c14\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4f7f Web \u5730\u5740\u4ece\u5916\u89c2\u4e0a\u770b\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728 IEIF \u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>URI:<\/strong>RFC1630\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 1994 \u5e74 6 \u6708\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cUniversal Resource Identifiers in WWW: A Unifying Syntax for the Expression of Names and Addresses of Objects on the Network as used in the World-Wide Web\u201d\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aInformational RFC\u00a0 \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u533a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>URL:<\/strong>RFC1738\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 1994 \u5e74 12 \u6708, \u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cUniform Resource Locators\u201d\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Proposed Standard \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u719f\u5230\u8db3\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Internet Standard\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>URN:<\/strong>RFC1737\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 1994 \u5e74 12 \u6708\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cFunctional Requirements for Uniform Resource Names\u201d\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html#resources\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1997 \u5e74\uff0c\u7d27\u968f Proposed Standard RFC2141\uff08\u5373 URN Syntax\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86 RFC1737\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848 \u2014\u2014 <code>urn:<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u6765\u52a0\u5165 <code>http:<\/code>\u3001<code>ftp:<\/code>\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6700\u7ec8\u7684 URI Standard (RFC3986) \u5728 1.1.3 \u5c0f\u8282\u201cURI, URL, and URN\u201d\u4e2d\u6f84\u6e05\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">URI \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u3001\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e8c\u8005\u517c\u5177\u3002\u672f\u8bed\u201cUniform Resource Locator\u201d (URL) \u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f URI \u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u9664\u8bc6\u522b\u8d44\u6e90\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u6700\u521d\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5b83\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u201c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\uff09\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u672f\u8bed\u201cUniform Resource Name\u201d (URN) \u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u66fe\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u201curn\u201d\u65b9\u6848 [RFC2141] \u4e0b\u7684 URI\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a URI \u9700\u8981\u662f\u5168\u7403\u60df\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u62e5\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 URI\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 URI\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \u201c\u540d\u79f0\u201d\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u201d\u3002 \u6765\u81ea\u4efb\u610f\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6848\u7684 URI \u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u800c\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u5206\u914d\u4e2d\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u548c\u547d\u540d\u673a\u6784\u5bf9\u5176\u5173\u6ce8\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c \u800c\u4e0d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u7528\u672f\u8bed\u201cURI\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u201cURL\u201d\u548c\u201cURN\u201d [RFC3305]\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html\">http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><em>\u9644\u5f55(\u68b3\u7406\u5f52\u7c7b)\uff1a<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cURL,URN\u662fURI\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u533a\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a Web\u4e0a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662fURI,\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a URL\uff1a\u76ee\u524dURI\u7684\u6700\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684URL\u6216\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5668\u3002 URN\uff1aURL\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u540d\u79f0(URN, Uniform Resource Name)\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5931\u6548\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u6d41\u884c\u8fd8\u9700\u5047\u4ee5\u65f6\u65e5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.cnlei.org\/blog\/article.asp?id=356<\/p>\n<p>URN \u7ad9\u70b9 : <a href=\"http:\/\/purl.org\/\">http:\/\/purl.org\/<\/a>\u00a0| <a href=\"http:\/\/www.doi.org\/demos.html\">http:\/\/www.doi.org\/demos.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\u6587\u7ae0\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u5f15\u7528\u5730\u5740] :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_5c4a1a800100gxke.html\">http:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_5c4a1a800100gxke.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\u5206\u6e05 URI\u3001URL \u548c URN] <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html\">http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/xml\/x-urlni.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P.S. :\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/,https:\/\/,mms:\/\/,ftp:\/\/,rtsp:\/\/,ssl:\/\/,sftp:\/\/,pnm:\/\/,rtmp:\/\/\">http:\/\/,https:\/\/,mms:\/\/,ftp:\/\/,rtsp:\/\/,ssl:\/\/,sftp:\/\/,pnm:\/\/,rtmp:\/\/<\/a>\u7b49\u534f\u8bae, \u53c8\u5982 thunder\u8fc5\u96f7 , flashget\u5feb\u8f66 &amp;&amp;QQ\u65cb\u98ce\u7b49.<\/p>\n<p>thunder\uff1a\/\/\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u662fbase64\u7f16\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>URI\uff1aUniform Resource Identifier\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff1b(RFC 3986) URL\uff1a &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/351\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201c\u4e86\u89e3 URI, URL, and URN\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":352,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[61,261,391,393,438,492,532,551,587,610],"class_list":["post-351","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-23","tag-uri","tag-names","tag-url","tag-urn","tag-yahoo","tag-492","tag-532","tag-551","tag-587","tag-610"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bohu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}